The bustling metropolis of New York City is a global hub of culture, commerce, and opportunity. But beneath the glitz and glamour lies a complex urban landscape with its own unique set of challenges. From poverty and deprivation to informal housing and homelessness, the city faces a variety of issues that must be addressed in order to ensure a better future for all its citizens. Spatial variation in poverty is likely due to a combination of factors such as social deprivation, lack of education and health care, lack of affordable housing, crime and social problems.
The mayor's office has attributed the apparent decline over time to projects such as the street action outreach teams for the homeless and mobile participation (New York City's “rent freeze” program), and programs such as paid family leave and paid sick leave. However, some critics have argued that it is because the poorest people are leaving the city due to high housing rents (Toure, 201). Deprivation refers to people's lack of access to things that people in a society consider normal, such as diet, clothing, housing, health care, education and recreation. In New York City, there are patterns of deprivation that can be seen in informal housing.
These living spaces are often occupied by marginalized people such as new and impoverished migrants (Waldrep, 201). However, there is very little information on the distribution or quantity of such informal housing. The homeless population in New York City is also an issue that must be addressed. With several government programs for affordable housing (NYC HPD, n.d.), around 62,000 people who cannot find a place to live are forced to sleep in homeless shelters.
People who cannot access shelters sleep on the streets, subways and other public spaces, but there are no precise figures for this (Coalition for the Homeless, 201). The informal industry in New York City is not common. There is no significant informal heavy industry or even light manufacturing. As is the case with all large cities, there is an important informal service sector.
People work as maids, occasional day labourers, etc. Informal industry patterns fit the HIC description on this site's “Urban Poverty, Deprivation and Informal Activity” page. The city has grown significantly over the past three hundred years due to its status as a port and magnet for migrants from Europe and the rest of the world. Sarah Charlop-Powers, executive director of the Natural Areas Conservancy said: “New York City's urban forest is a vital but often overlooked resource”.
The Nature Conservancy of New York has published the first report of its kind: The State of the Urban Forest in New York. This report evaluates New York City's urban forest from multiple perspectives and establishes a common basic understanding of this vital resource. The urban forest in New York City is comprised of more than 7 million trees along with associated physical and social infrastructure that supports it. It has many benefits such as reducing the urban heat island effect and energy demand; retaining rainwater; absorbing and storing greenhouse gases; while providing habitat for biodiversity; making cities more resilient to climate change threats.
Despite trends in urban forest loss across the country; this new report suggests that New York has an opportunity to lead cities across America in establishing innovative approaches to caring for tree canopies. Emily Nobel Maxwell; director of Cities Program at The Nature Conservancy in New York said: “We offer this report to help a representative sample of audiences; including policy makers; land managers; advocacy groups; researchers; to better understand this important asset so that they can support; cultivate; promote policies and practices that allow it to thrive; promote equity; justice; quality of life”. Income inequality is also an issue in New York City. This is partly due to high incomes of minority of New Yorkers distorting data; however it is also due to increase in cost of living compared to other U.
S cities. In United States which means limit for living in relative poverty is higher than other places so that more people fit below that threshold.
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